cobra@kirkwood:~/courses/csf$ cat README.md

Computer Science Foundations

Year 1 of the Cobra Cyber pathway. Explore the history of computing, web design, digital information, cloud computing, cybersecurity basics, and coding — all through hands-on projects in CodeHS. Aligned with TN CTE Standards (C10H11) and delivered entirely in the browser.

TN CTE C10H11 Year 01 | Grade 9 10 Units | 140 hrs CodeHS Platform No Prerequisites
Year 01
CS Foundations
TN CTE C10H11
Year 02
Cybersecurity I
TN CTE C10H20
Year 03
Cybersecurity II
Advanced Cybersecurity
10
course units
CodeHS TN CSF course 25729
140
contact hours
Full year, Grade 9
100+
hands-on coding hours
In-browser via CodeHS editor
4
focus area options
Networking, Coding, Web Design, Cybersecurity
Quick Access
Course Units
UNIT 01 What is Computing? ~4 weeks / 20 hrs

Start with the big picture. Trace the history of computers from the earliest machines to modern devices, understand the difference between hardware and software, and consider where computing is headed next — including AI.

Topics

  • History of computers & innovators
  • What is a computer? (hardware vs. software)
  • History of operating systems
  • Hardware components of a modern computer
  • Future of computing
  • AI and emerging uses of technology

Sample activities

  • Summarize an era of computing advances
  • Label the parts of your computer
  • Research a famous computer innovator
  • Discuss: helpful or harmful tech advances?
TN 3.1 Occupations TN 5.1 Operating Systems TN 6.2 Hardware
UNIT 02 Electrical Circuits ~2 weeks / 10 hrs

Understand the electrical foundations that power every computer. Learn lab safety, explore Ohm's Law using an online circuit simulator, and see how logic gates form the building blocks of computing.

Topics

  • Lab & electrical safety (OSHA, NSTA)
  • Basic electrical circuits
  • Ohm's Law (V = IR) and power laws
  • Using a digital multimeter
  • Logic gates: AND, OR, NOT

Sample activities

  • Exploring Ohm's Law (circuit simulator)
  • Calculating resistance, voltage, current
  • Logical AND and OR chips exploration
  • Truth table: seatbelt warning light
TN 1.1 Safety Rules TN 1.2 Safety Equipment TN 2.1 Electrical Circuits TN 2.4 Logic Gates
UNIT 03 Web Design ~4 weeks / 20 hrs

Learn to build web pages from scratch using HTML and CSS in the CodeHS browser editor. Understand how the web works, apply copyright fair use, and create pages with text, images, links, and styling.

Topics

  • How web pages are built and served
  • HTML tags, attributes, and elements
  • Page structure (head, body, sections)
  • Formatting text, hyperlinks, images
  • Lists and tables
  • CSS styling and selectors
  • Copyright and fair use
  • Keyboard shortcuts reference guide

Sample activities

  • Build a page linking to 5 favorite sites
  • Personal library page with images
  • Add CSS styling to existing pages
  • Create a keyboard shortcut table (project)
TN 6.1 Web Terminology TN 7.1 Keyboard Shortcuts TN 9.1 Web Design Process TN 12.1 Web Writing
UNIT 04 Project: Create a Website ~3 weeks / 15 hrs

Apply everything from Unit 3 in a real project. Build a personal portfolio website that lives on a custom domain and grows throughout the year as you add creative work from each unit. Practice team roles, project planning, and client communication.

Topics

  • Software development team roles
  • Planning a website (site map, timeline)
  • Developing based on customer input
  • Building collaboratively
  • Client relations and feedback

Sample activities

  • Mind map brainstorming
  • Customer survey design
  • Build a site featuring an Innovation
  • Peer feedback and revision
TN 10.1 Team Roles TN 10.2 Project Management TN 11.1 Client Relations TN 12.2 Website Creation

Running Portfolio

The site you build in Unit 4 is not a one-time assignment — you keep improving it throughout the year, adding projects from each subsequent unit. By the end of CSF, your site is a real portfolio hosted on a custom domain.

UNIT 05 Digital Information ~3 weeks / 15 hrs

All digital data is just 0s and 1s — but how does that work? Learn number systems (binary, hexadecimal), how data is compressed, and how to troubleshoot technology problems systematically using a documented process.

Topics

  • How data is stored in computers
  • Binary and hexadecimal number systems
  • Translating between number bases
  • Lossy vs. lossless data compression
  • Troubleshooting process (6 steps)
  • Flowcharts for logical problem-solving

Sample activities

  • Binary to decimal conversion
  • Hexadecimal color codes
  • Compare image file sizes (lossy vs. lossless)
  • Flowchart with 3+ decision paths
TN 2.3 Counting Systems TN 9.2 Troubleshooting TN 9.3 Flowcharts TN 15.1 File Management
UNIT 06 The Internet ~3 weeks / 15 hrs

Trace a web request from your keyboard to a server and back. Understand IP addressing, DNS, routing, and the social and ethical implications of a connected world — including copyright, privacy, and cybersecurity introductions.

Topics

  • History and structure of the Internet
  • IPv4 vs. IPv6 addressing
  • How DNS works (domain → IP)
  • Route tracing
  • Sequential, parallel & distributed computing
  • Copyright and Internet ethics
  • Introduction to cybersecurity
  • IT careers and the Internet

Sample activities

  • Explore a live threat map
  • Trace a route with traceroute/ping
  • Research IT careers on the Internet
  • Discuss: Internet impact on society
TN 4.1 History of Internet TN 6.3 Computer Networks TN 13.1 Social/Legal/Ethics TN 3.1 Occupations
UNIT 07 Cloud Computing ~3–4 weeks / 15–20 hrs

The cloud is not a mystery — it's someone else's computer. Explore how cloud computing evolved, who the key players are (customer, provider, partner), and how deployment models differ. Connect it to IoT: smart devices everywhere generating data.

Topics

  • What is cloud computing?
  • History and milestones of the cloud
  • Cloud roles: customer, provider, partner
  • Deployment models: public, private, community, hybrid
  • Virtualization, storage, networking in the cloud
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • Statistical efficiency and data quality

Sample activities

  • Cloud computing case study
  • History of cloud computing (project)
  • Comparing deployment models
  • Smart devices in your life
TN 8.1 Cloud Evolution TN 8.2 Cloud Roles TN 8.3 Cloud Models TN 8.5 IoT TN 8.6 Data Quality
UNIT 08 What is Cybersecurity? ~2 weeks / 10 hrs

An introduction to the field you'll go deeper into in Cyber I and II. Understand why cybersecurity matters, explore recent real-world attacks, and learn the CIA Triad — the three pillars that every security decision is built on.

Topics

  • What is cybersecurity? Why does it matter?
  • Recent cyberattacks and their impact
  • What do cybercriminals steal and do with it?
  • The CIA Triad: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
  • What makes a system secure?
  • Data security and encryption basics
  • Security breaches (enterprise-level)
  • Security practices: BIOS, malware, access control
  • AI ethics and responsible technology use

Sample activities

  • Summarize a recent cyberattack
  • Explore a live threat map
  • CIA Triad scenario analysis
  • Determine which pillar a breach violates
TN 13.1 Ethical Issues TN 13.2 AI Ethics TN 14.1 Data Security TN 14.2 Security Breaches TN 14.3 Security Practices

CIA Triad Scenario Analysis

Students are given a set of real and hypothetical breach scenarios and must identify which pillar of the CIA Triad was violated — Confidentiality, Integrity, or Availability — and explain what a defender should have done differently.

UNIT 09 Data ~1 week / 5 hrs

Data is the currency of the modern world. Learn what data science is, how to visualize and interpret data, and how collection methods and limitations affect the conclusions we can draw.

Topics

  • What is data science?
  • Visualizing and interpreting data
  • Data collection methods
  • Data limitations and bias
  • Data in IT career fields

Sample activities

  • Data visualization exercise
  • Class survey design and collection
  • Reflect on data collection limitations
TN 17.1 Data Analysis TN 8.6 Statistical Efficiency
UNIT 10 Advanced Coding Concepts ~2 weeks / 10 hrs

Go beyond the browser and into the terminal. Learn to navigate the command line, manage files for multi-page websites, write basic shell scripts, and understand the full software development lifecycle — including how Git and GitHub work.

Topics

  • File and folder management for websites
  • Command line interface (CLI) basics
  • System commands: cd, ls, mkdir, etc.
  • SSH logs and remote access
  • Shell scripts and batch files
  • Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
  • How GitHub works
  • Programming languages overview (Python, HTML, JS, C++)

Sample activities

  • Multi-file website structure lab
  • Mac and Windows CLI simulators
  • Write and execute a basic shell script
  • Map the SDLC steps to a real project
TN 15.1 File Management TN 16.1 Programming Languages TN 16.2 SDLC TN 16.3 Batch Files
Key Vocabulary
CIA Triad
The three pillars of cybersecurity: Confidentiality (only authorized users see data), Integrity (data is accurate and unaltered), Availability (systems are accessible when needed).
Binary
Base-2 number system using only 0 and 1. Every piece of digital data — text, images, video — is ultimately stored as binary. 8 bits = 1 byte.
Hexadecimal
Base-16 number system using digits 0–9 and letters A–F. Used by IT pros to represent binary data more compactly — e.g., MAC addresses, color codes (#FF5733).
Ohm's Law
V = IR. Voltage equals current times resistance. The fundamental relationship governing all electrical circuits — and the math behind every computer's power system.
Logic Gate
Electronic components that take binary inputs and produce a binary output based on a rule (AND, OR, NOT). Billions of these form the CPU in every computer.
DNS (Domain Name System)
The Internet's phone book. Translates human-readable domain names (google.com) into IP addresses (142.250.80.46) so browsers can find servers.
IPv4 vs. IPv6
IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses (about 4.3 billion possible). IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses (340 undecillion possible) — created because we ran out of IPv4 addresses.
Cloud Deployment Models
Public (shared infrastructure, open to anyone), Private (dedicated to one org), Community (shared by a group with common interests), Hybrid (combination of models).
IoT (Internet of Things)
Physical objects embedded with sensors and connectivity — smart thermostats, wearables, industrial monitors. Each device generates data and creates new security challenges.
Lossy vs. Lossless Compression
Lossy (JPEG, MP3) discards some data permanently to shrink file size. Lossless (PNG, ZIP) compresses without data loss — the original can be perfectly reconstructed.
SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle)
The structured process for building software: Planning → Design → Coding → Testing → Deployment → Maintenance. An iterative loop, not a one-way road.
Shell Script / Batch File
A text file containing a series of CLI commands that run in sequence when executed. Used to automate repetitive tasks — creating folders, running backups, pinging hosts.
Learning Resources